Ruby on Rails頁面緩存

三種方式 Page Caching, Action Caching和 Fragment Caching

緩存默認只在production 環境下啟動

Page Caching
caches_page :public_content
以URL為準
expire_page :action =>"public_content"

Action Caching
caches_action :premium_content
以URL為準
 expire_action :action => "premium_content", :id => article
 Page Caching 和 Action Caching的實例:
class ContentController < ApplicationController
 before_filter :verify_premium_user, :except => :public_content
 caches_page :public_content
 caches_action :premium_content
 cache_sweeper :article_sweeper,
        :only => [ :create_article,
        :update_article,
        :delete_article ]
 def public_content
  @articles = Article.list_public
 end
 def premium_content
  @articles = Article.list_premium
 end
 private
 def verify_premium_user
  return
   user = session[:user_id]
   user = User.find(user)
  if user
   unless user && user.active?
   redirect_to :controller =>  "login", :action => "signup_new"
  end
 end
end

刪除過期緩存內容:
app/models中加article_sweeper.rb
class ArticleSweeper < ActionController::Caching::Sweeper
 observe Article
 def after_create(article)
  expire_public_page
 end
 def after_update(article)
  expire_article_page(article.id)
 end
 def after_destroy(article)
  expire_public_page
  expire_article_page(article.id)
 end
 private
 def expire_public_page
  expire_page(:controller => "content", :action => ‘public_content’)
 end
 def expire_article_page(article_id)
  expire_action(:controller =>  "content",
        :action => "premium_content",
        :id => article_id)
 end
end
app/public/content/show/1默認caches_page文件路徑
app/public/content/show/1.html

Fragment Caching
controller:
class Blog1Controller < ApplicationController
 def list
  @dynamic_content = Time.now.to_s
  unless read_fragment(:action => ‘list’)
   logger.info("Creating fragment")
   @articles = Article.find_recent
  end
 end
end
#read_fragment()查看一個action的fragment緩存是否存在
view:
<%= @dynamic_content %> <!– 動態內容 –>
<% cache do %> <!– 緩存開始–>
 <ul>
 <% for article in @articles -%>
  <li><p><%= h(article.body) %></p></li>
 <% end -%>
 </ul>
<% end %> <!– 結束緩存 –>
<%= @dynamic_content %> <!– 其它動態內容 –>

使用多個緩存段:
<% cache(:action => ‘list’, :part => ‘articles’) do %>
 <ul>
 <% for article in @articles -%>
  <li><p><%= h(article.body) %></p></li>
 <% end -%>
 </ul>
<% end %>
<% cache(:action => ‘list’, :part => ‘counts’) do %>
 <p>There are a total of <%= @article_count %> articles.</p>
<% end %>
#使用:part參數區分同一action下的不同緩存段

緩存過期
controller:
class Blog2Controller < ApplicationController
 def list
  @dynamic_content = Time.now.to_s
  @articles = Article.find_recent
  @article_count = @articles.size
 end
 def edit
  # 編輯文章時不更新統計緩存
  expire_fragment(:action => ‘list’, :part => ‘articles’)
  redirect_to(:action => ‘list’)
 end
 def delete
  #刪除文章時同時刪除兩個緩存
  expire_fragment(:action => ‘list’, :part => ‘articles’)
  expire_fragment(:action => ‘list’, :part => ‘counts’)
  redirect_to(:action => ‘list’)
 end
end

expire_fragment()可接正則表達式
expire_fragment(%r{/blog2/list. })

Fragment Caching存儲選項設置:
ActionController::Base.fragment_cache_store = <下面的選項之一>
ActionController::Caching::Fragments::FileStore.new(path)
ActionController::Caching::Fragments::DRbStore.new(url)
ActionController::Caching::Fragments::MemCachedStore.new(host)